🔬 Basic Sciences Division

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Classical Mechanics & Continuum Theory

Learn the full spectrum of classical mechanics: Newtonian mechanics, Lagrangian/…

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Electromagnetism

Learn electrostatics, magnetostatics, electromagnetic induction, and EM wave pro…

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Wave Physics & Seismology Fundamentals

Learn the elastic wave equation, P/S/surface wave propagation theory, reflection…

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Thermodynamics & Statistical Physics

Learn the four laws of thermodynamics, phase transition/equilibrium theory (Gibb…

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General Biology & Cell Biology

Learn the chemical basis of life (organic molecules, energy metabolism), cell st…

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Microbiology & Deep Biosphere

Learn microbial diversity (bacteria, archaea, fungi, viruses), growth kinetics, …

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Biogeochemistry & Elemental Cycling

Learn biogeochemical cycling of C/N/S/P/Fe, microbially-mediated redox reactions…

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Ecology & Environmental Biology

Learn community ecology, ecosystem energy flow and material cycling, ecological …

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General & Inorganic Chemistry

Learn fundamental chemical principles: atomic structure, chemical bonding (ionic…

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Physical Chemistry & Thermodynamics

Learn chemical thermodynamics (Gibbs/Helmholtz energy, chemical potential, mixtu…

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Geochemistry & Isotope Systems

Learn geochemical behavior of elements (cosmochemistry, lithophile/chalcophile/ …

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Aqueous & Environmental Chemistry

Learn natural water chemistry (rivers, groundwater, seawater, deep hydrothermal)…

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Linear Algebra & Matrix Computation

Learn core linear algebra theory and numerical implementation including vector s…

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Partial Differential Equations

Learn classification and analytical solutions of elliptic, parabolic, and hyperb…

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Probability & Mathematical Statistics

Learn probability axioms, random variables and distributions, statistical infere…

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Optimization Theory & Algorithms

Learn convex optimization theory, first/second-order methods (gradient descent, …

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Atmospheric Physics & Thermodynamics

Study thermodynamic states of the atmosphere, radiative transfer, and cloud micr…

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Meteorological Dynamics & Atmospheric Circulation

Equations of atmospheric motion, geostrophic/gradient/frictional winds, midlatit…

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Climate System Science

Atmosphere-ocean-cryosphere-land interactions, climate feedbacks, paleoclimate r…

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Atmospheric Remote Sensing & Numerical Weather Prediction

Weather radar/satellite observations, data assimilation, NWP model structure (WR…

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Sedimentary Petrology

Classification of sedimentary rocks (clastic, carbonate, evaporite, siliceous), …

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Sedimentary Environment Interpretation

Characteristics of fluvial, deltaic, coastal, shelf, and deep-marine environment…

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Sedimentology & Stratigraphy

Sediment transport/deposition/diagenesis, depositional environment interpretatio…

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Basin Analysis & Stratigraphic Modeling

Formation mechanisms of sedimentary basins, subsidence analysis, thermal history…

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Rock Mechanics & Crustal Stress

Rock deformation/failure behavior, stress-strain relationships, Mohr-Coulomb/Gri…

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Structural Geology & Tectonics

Geometric and kinematic analysis of faults, folds, joints, and shear zones; defo…

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Plate Tectonics & Geodynamics

Crustal deformation at plate boundaries, subduction/collision/rift tectonics, ma…

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Seismotectonics & Fault Systems

Earthquake fault kinematics/dynamics, focal mechanism analysis, seismic hazard a…

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Physical Geology & Mineralogy

Earth's internal structure, crystal-chemical classification of minerals, rock-fo…

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Igneous Petrology

Magma origin, evolution, and differentiation; magma series; igneous rock classif…

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Metamorphic Petrology

Metamorphic reactions and facies (greenschist to eclogite), P-T path interpretat…

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Mineral Resource Geology

Genesis of metallic and industrial minerals, ore deposit exploration, resource e…

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Introduction to Geochemistry & Element Classification

Goldschmidt element classification (lithophile, siderophile, chalcophile, atmoph…

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Stable Isotope Geochemistry

Fractionation principles of C, H, O, N, S stable isotopes; paleoclimate reconstr…

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Radiogenic Isotopes & Geochronology

U-Pb, Rb-Sr, Sm-Nd, Lu-Hf, Re-Os geochronology; SHRIMP/LA-ICPMS zircon dating; t…

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Elemental Geochemistry & Crustal Evolution

Partition coefficients, REE patterns, mantle-normalized diagrams, continental cr…

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Introduction to Paleontology

Fossil formation, evolutionary history of major animal phyla, biostratigraphy pr…

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Invertebrate Paleontology

Morphology, classification, ecology of corals, molluscs, brachiopods, echinoderm…

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Vertebrate Paleontology & Evolution

Phylogeny and morphological evolution of fish, amphibians, reptiles, dinosaurs, …

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Paleoecology & Paleoenvironmental Reconstruction

Fossil community analysis; C/O isotope paleothermometers; biogeochemical proxies…

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Remote Sensing Fundamentals

Electromagnetic spectrum and radiative transfer, sensor design, geometric correc…

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Optical Satellite Image Analysis

Multispectral/hyperspectral image classification, vegetation indices (NDVI, EVI)…

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SAR & InSAR Techniques

SAR principles, backscattering mechanisms, InSAR phase analysis, surface deforma…

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Terrain Analysis & Change Detection

DEM generation and accuracy assessment, geomorphic feature classification, multi…

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Fundamentals of Hydrology

Water cycle, precipitation/evapotranspiration/runoff/infiltration processes, hyd…

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Groundwater Hydrology

Porous media flow (Darcy's law), aquifer types and hydraulic properties, well hy…

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Soil Science & Vadose Zone Hydrology

Soil formation and classification, texture/hydraulic properties, unsaturated zon…

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Contaminant Hydrogeology & Environmental Geophysics

Contaminant transport/dispersion/reaction modeling (MT3D), NAPL behavior, ground…

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Physical Oceanography Fundamentals

Thermodynamic properties of seawater, ocean stratification and mixed layer, deep…

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Ocean Circulation & Currents

Thermohaline circulation (MOC), western boundary currents, upwelling/downwelling…

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Waves, Tides & Sea Level Change

Surface gravity wave dispersion, wave energy spectra (SWAN), tidal dynamics and …

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Ocean-Climate System

Ocean-atmosphere coupled modes (ENSO, PDO, AMO), ocean heat/carbon uptake, Argo …

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Marine Geology

Formation of oceanic crust, mid-ocean ridges/transform faults/trenches, marine s…

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Seafloor Morphology & Marine Geophysics

Multibeam bathymetry, side-scan sonar, seafloor heat flow, marine gravity/magnet…

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Marine Sedimentology

Pelagic sediments (calcareous/siliceous ooze, red clay), turbidite systems, subm…

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Marine Plate Tectonics & Hydrothermal Systems

Seafloor spreading and marine magnetic anomalies, transform fault dynamics, hydr…

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Marine Chemistry Fundamentals

Major ion composition, seawater buffer system (carbonate system), dissolved oxyg…

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Marine Carbon Cycle

Air-sea CO₂ exchange, biological pump, solubility pump, marine carbon sequestrat…

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Marine Nutrient Cycling

N, P, Si cycling; upwelling nutrient supply; limiting elements and marine produc…

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Ocean Acidification & Climate Change Impacts

Ocean acidification mechanisms, impacts on calcifying organisms, ocean warming a…

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Introduction to Marine Biology

Marine biota by zone, marine food web structure, marine organism taxonomy and ph…

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Plankton Ecology

Phytoplankton/zooplankton community structure, primary productivity measurement,…

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Benthic Ecology & Coral Reefs

Benthic communities on soft and hard substrates, bioturbation dynamics, coral re…

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Marine Conservation Biology

Threats to marine biodiversity, MPA design and effectiveness, ecosystem-based fi…